https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/blob/26647a49f642c7d22a1cd3aa0a48e4650a542269/media-types.md

A concise summary of the parts I’m interested in.

Aspect Docker V2 Schema 1 Docker V2 Schema 2 (v2.2) OCI image format
Status Deprecated/legacy Current Docker default Current OCI standard
Structure More complex, v1-compat quirks Simple, config + layers, digest-based Very similar to Schema 2, plus index/layout/descriptors
Single-image mediaType application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+json application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json application/vnd.oci.image.manifest.v1+json
Multi-arch list type Not defined; no native schema-1 manifest list application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.list.v2+json application/vnd.oci.image.index.v1+json
Layer media types application/vnd.docker.container.image.rootfs.diff+x-gtar application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip and variants
Tooling support Declining, often disabled Very widely supported Very widely supported